Indian Classical Dance: A Journey through 8 Recognized Styles by Sangeet Natak Akademi
Indian classical dance, whose theory and practice may be traced to the Sanskrit text Natya Shastra, is an umbrella name for various regionally specific Indian classical dance traditions. These traditions are primarily Hindu musical theatre performances. There are eight recognized classical dance forms in India, including Bharatanatyam, Kathak, Kuchipudi, Odissi, Kathakali, Sattriya, Manipuri, and Mohiniyattam. The count of classical dance forms in India fluctuates between eight and twelve, or potentially more, contingent upon the specific source and scholar. The Indian Ministry of Culture also includes Chhau in its list, making a total of nine styles recognized.
Unveiling the Essence of Indian Classical Dance
Around 200 BCE, Indian classical dancing emerged in India as a happy, celebratory activity, frequently performed in adoration of Hindu deities. Numerous performances feature choreography that recounts historical events and mythological tales. Indian classical dance is energetic, expressive, and spiritual in all of its forms. Typically, dance performances take place at festivals, colleges, different cultural events, and more. Professional dancers who have spent years studying and perfecting their particular kind of Indian classical dance typically execute these genres.
The dancers in performances move to the beat of the music or song being played; in some traditions, like Kathak, bells are occasionally worn around the ankles for enhanced rhythmic effect as the feet are stomped. The dancer adopts the persona of the character they are performing as, the composition being particular, and develops an emotional connection with the narrative and the audience.
A Symphony of Attire and Accessories
Dancers who perform classical Indian dance do so while dressed in sarees, lenghas, and kurtas. The majority of dancers in Indian classical dance are typically women, though men do participate in the practice as well. Women’s costumes often consist of a long, vibrant, handcrafted gown with beading and/or highly embroidered patterns that are worn without shoes. Many elaborate pieces of jewelry are worn as accessories, including necklaces, rings, earrings, nose rings, bracelets, and anklets. Some of these pieces have bells attached that chime whenever a dancer stamps their foot in time to the music.
Depending on the style, the outfit may also come with a scarf or a headpiece. To authentically embody their characters and distinguish themselves from the audience, women usually apply a substantial amount of makeup to their faces. Classical dances are recognized by the Sangeet Natak Akademi and the Ministry of Culture.
Indian classical dance, a treasure trove of cultural heritage, continues to thrive as a vibrant and evolving art form. With its roots deeply embedded in history and spirituality, these dance styles enchant and inspire audiences, carrying forward the legacy of tradition and artistry. Embark on a journey through the mesmerizing world of Indian classical dance, where each step tells a story, each gesture conveys emotion, and each performance is a celebration of India’s rich cultural tapestry.
Indian classical dance performances are a confluence of energy, spirituality, and expression. Often gracing festivals, cultural events, and stages of all sizes, these performances are a testament to the dedication and years of training that professional dancers invest in mastering their chosen style.
A Glimpse into the Melange of Dance Forms
- Bharatanatyam: Hailing from Tamil Nadu, this dance form exudes grace and precision, characterized by expressive hand gestures and rhythmic footwork.
- Kathak: With its roots in North India, Kathak is known for its storytelling prowess, embellished with intricate footwork and twirls.
- Kuchipudi: Originating in Andhra Pradesh, this dance-drama form harmonizes fast footwork, fluid movements, and vibrant storytelling.
- Odissi: Emerging from Odisha, Odissi captures the fluidity and sculpturesque poses, reflecting the region’s temple art.
- Kathakali: A native of Kerala, Kathakali is a visually striking form featuring elaborate makeup, vibrant costumes, and dramatic expressions.
- Sattriya: Nurtured in Assam’s monastic traditions, Sattriya showcases devotion through graceful movements and unique costume elements.
- Manipuri: Manipur’s gift to the dance world, this style emphasizes lyrical and soft movements, inspired by the Raslila traditions.
- Mohiniyattam: Hailing from Kerala, Mohiniyattam epitomizes grace and sensuality, with its swaying movements and elaborate costumes.
- Chhau: Recognized by the Indian Ministry of Culture, Chhau encompasses martial, tribal, and folk elements, originating in eastern India.
Table of Contents
1. Which is the 9 classical dance of India?
Bharatnatyam, Kathak, Kathakali, Kuchipudi, Manipuri, Mohiniyattam, Sattriya, and Chhau are the nine traditional dance
genres of India.
2. Is there 8 or 9 classical dance in India?
In India, there are eight officially recognized classical dance styles: Kathak, Odissi, Bharatanatyam, Kathakali, Sattriya,
Manipuri, and Mohiniyattam. There are eight to twelve different types of classical dance in India, or possibly more
depending on the source and scholar. Chhau is also listed by the Indian Ministry of Culture, bringing the total number of
recognized styles to nine.
3. What are the eight principal classical dances of India?
The eight dance genres recognized by the Sangeet Natak Academy are Bharatanatyam, Kathak, Kuchipudi, Odissi, Kathakali,
Sattriya, Manipuri, and Mohiniyattam. Scholars such as Drid Williams have also included Chhau, Yakshagana, and Bhagavata
Mela in the list.
4. Which is the oldest classical dance in India?
The earliest classical dance tradition in India is Sadiraattam, which became Bharatanatyam in 1932. Tamil Nadu’s official
dance style is Bharatanatyam.
5. Is Chhau a classical dance?
Only eight Indian classical dances are recognized by Sangeet Natak Academy, the country’s National Academy; nevertheless,
the Ministry of Culture also counts Chhau Dance among its repertory, bringing the total to nine.
6. What is the Assam dance called?
Assamese folk dances include the Bhortal, the Ojapali dance, and the Bihu and Bagurumba, which are performed in spring
festivals.
